Mechanism for driving hand-tools.



AARON E. IBERGEY, OF AVALON BOROUGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

MECHANISM FOR DRIVING HAND-TOOLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 28, 1919.

Application filed .Tune 5, 1916. Serial No. 101,774.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AARON E. Bnnenr, a citizen of the United States, residing at #504 Florence ave., in the borough of Avalon, in the county of Allegheny,-and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Mechanism for Driving Hand-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to mechanisms for driving hand tools which require a reciprocating motion, such as rakes, brooms, shovels, saws, and the like; and the objects of my invention are to provide a driving mechanism that adds but little Weight to the tool, that will allow the tool to be shifted at will in any direction, and that can be made to give a variety of motions to the tool Without necessitating the operator to leave, or to let go his hold of, the tool.

I attain these objects by means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 is a section on the line A A, and Fig. 3 is a developed View of a set of shifter cams and their tappets.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

1 is a hand tool.

2 is a driving rope. It is attached to the tool 1 and to a reciprocating mechanism. Its normal motion is a reciprocating one, being pulled in one direction by the reciproeating mechanism, and in the other direction by the operator, or by a Weight or spring. The reciprocating mechanism may be of any suitable variety. I prefer the form shown in the drawings.

3 is an arm which drives the rope 2. It is driven by a suitable motive power, such as an electric motor, gasolene engine, horse power, &c.

4 is a motor which drives the arm 3 by means of suitable gearing.

5 is a frame which contains the motor 4. and arm 3. It may be mounted on wheels.

6 is a tappet on the arm 3. It is in roller form and works in conjunction with a cam 9.

7 is a shaft on which the roller 6 turns. It can slide longitudinally in suitable guides.

8 is a shaft in the frame 5. To it is attached the arm 3.

9 is a cam against which is pressed the tappet 6 by means of a spring and by the rope 2. Thus when the cam. 9 is revolved by the motor 1, there is given to the arm 3 and to the rope 2 a reelprocatlng motion. A

number of these cams 9 are attached to a common shaft. The .tappet 6 can be shifted longitudinally and thus brought opposite various cams 9. The cams 9 are of different sizes and shapes according to the character of motion desired.

10 is a spring which holds the roller 6 in contact With the cam 9. It is attached at its ends to the arm 3 and the frame 5, its ends being bent into suitable pockets so that its torque can be adjusted.

11 is a shaft with which the cams 9 re volve.

I provide a reeling mechanism so that the rope 2 can be reeled in and out. Thus the tool 1 can be moved about while the reciproeating mechanism remains stationary. The reeling mechanism may be located at either end of the rope and may be of any suitable variety. I prefer to have a main reeling mechanism attached to the reciprocating mechanism, and a small auxiliary reeling mechanism attached to the tool 1.

12 is a spool adapted to reel the rope 2 in and out. It can revolve on the shaft 8.

13 is a pulley around which the rope 2 passes after leaving the spool 12. It can be set at various positions on the arm 3, thus changing the length of stroke of the rope 2.

I provide shifting mechanism that can be operated from the tool 1 such that the rope 2 can be connected with different driving mechanisms Without necessitating the operator to leave, or to let go his hold of, the tool 1. Thus the character of the motion of the rope 2 and the tool 1 can be changed at will. It is readily seen that the length of stroke of the rope 2, as well as the number of strokes per minute, is dependent on the form and the speed of the cams 9.

I prefer to use a mechanical control for the shifter mechanism as shown in the drawings. By giving a proper pull to the rope 2, the shifter mechanism is operated. I shall now'describe what I believe to be the best form for thisshifter mechanism.

15 is a shift member adapted to shift the 19 and 20 are two members of a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the shafts 18 and 8. A jaw clutch is shown. The members 19 and 20 are attached to the shafts 18 and 8, respectively.

21 is a shaft which can slide longitudinally, but which can not turn, on the shaft 18.

22 is a gear wheel attached to the shaft 21. It is adapted to be driven by gear Wheels 27 and 28.

23 and 24k are ta ppets attached to the shafts 18 and 21, respectively. They should be in roller form and operate in conjunction with cams.

25 and 26 are cams against which the spring 29 presses the tappets 23 and 24, respectively. They are attached to the spool 12, and are formed with irregular elevations and depressions as shown in Fig. 3, which is a developed view.

29' is a spring which forces the tappets 23 and 2 1 against the cams 25 and 26, respectively.

30 are adjusting nuts for regulating the pressure of the spring 29.

If the spool 12 is caused to turn with reference to the shafts 18 and 21, the tappets 23 and 24c alternately approach, and recede from, each other. Since the spring 29 tends to force them together, it is readily seen that during the period of approach the spring 29 tends to turn the spool 12 and cams 25 and 26 with reference to the shafts 18 and 21. It is likewise evident that a. pull on the rope 2 tends to turn the spool'12 with reference to the shafts 18 and 21. But when the tappets 23 and 24; recede from each other, the spring 29 is being compressed, and thus a considerable pull on the rope '2 is necessary to thus turn the spool 12 during the period of recession. "The spring 29 is so adjuste'd that the pull necessary to force the tappets 23 and 24 apart is greater than the working pull on the rope. It will therefore be seen that, by adding a pull to the working pull on the rope 2, the operator can easily force the spool 12 to turn with reference to the shafts 18 and 21, thus moving these shafts longitudinally and shifting the tappet 6 from one to another of the cams 9, or shifting the wheel 22 from. one to another of the wheels 27 and 28, or both, as the case may be. The shift depends, of course, on the form' of the cams 25 and 26. The action is similar to that of a toothed wheel and spring-actuated roller-'detent.

27 is a gear wheel attached to the shaft 11. It is adapted to drive the wheel 22.

28 is a gear Wheel engaged to the shaft 11 with a friction clutch, which'will allow it to turn on the shaft 11 when the torque exceeds a predetermined small amount.

31 .is a friction disk. It can slide longitudinally hut cannot turnon the "shaft 11 irregular cam 32 is a spring which presses the disk 31 against the wheel 28, and the wheel 28 against the wheel 27.

33 are adjusting nuts by means of which the pressure of the spring 32 can be regulated.

34E are guides in which the shaft 7 can slide longitudinally.

35 is a gear wheel through which the motor 4 drives the shaft 11. Change gears may of course be provided so that the shaft 11 may be givendifl'erent speeds relatlvely to the motor 1.

I shall now explain how the previously described mechanism is to be operated.

Suppose that in first position of the shifter mechanism, the wheels 22 and 28 are in mesh, that the clutch 19, 20 is disengaged, and that the roller 6 is opposite an irregular cam '9. The tool 1. can now be taken easily to any desired position; for in moving toward the reciprocating mechanism the wheel 28 is driven by the friction clutch and reels in the rope 2, and in moving away from the reciprocating mechanism a slight pull on the rope 2 will cause the friction clutch to slip and thus the rope 2 is reeled out.

To change the shifter mechanism from first to second position, a swift jerk on the rope 2 is required. The inertia of the members 18, 21, 2'2, and 28 affords a suflicient resistance to allow the spool 12 to be thus turned with reference to the shafts 18 and 2]..

Suppose that in second position the wheels 22 and 27 are in mesh, the clutch 19, 20 remaining disengaged, and the roller 6 re maining opposite an irregular earn 9. The rope 2 now has a reciprocating motion com bined with a motion toward the recipro cating mechanism. This form of motion is useful in operations such as sweeping, sandpapering, and the like.

To change the shifter. mechanism from second to third position, either a swift or a steady pull will SlllllCE); for resistance is now offered through the wheel 27..

Suppose that in third position the wheels 22 and 27 are in mesh, the clutch 1'9, 20 re maining disengaged, and the roller 6 having moved opposite "round cam 9. The rope '2 now has a steady motion in toward the reciprocating mechanism. Thus hauling can be done.

1n changing from third to fourth position, resistance is again offered by the wheel 27.

Suppose that in the fourth position the wheels 22 and 28 have come into mesh, that the clutch 19, 20 has become engaged, and that the roller 6 has moved opposite an The rope 2 now has a reciprocating motion. This motion is naturally adapted for many kinds of work.

In moving from fourth to fifth position, resistance is offered by the clutch 19, 20.

Suppose that in fifth position, the wheels 22 and 28 are in mesh, the clutch 19, 20 is engaged, and the roller 6 has moved to a diflerent irregular cam 9. The rope 2 now has a reciprocating motion differing in character from that in fourth position.

If only five positions are possible for the spool 12 on the shafts 18 and 21, another pull on the rope will bring the spool 12 back into first position.

The positions assumed by the roller 6 and wheel 22 depend, of course, on the form of the cams 25 and 26.

In some operations it is necessary to make the distance between the tool 1 and the re ciprocating mechanism an exact amount. To take care of these requirements, I provide mechanism as follows 36 is a reel attached to the tool 1. It is adapted to reel the rope 2 in and out.

37 is a ratchet wheel attached to the reel 36.

38 is a pawl attached to the tool 1 and adapted to engage the ratchet wheel 37.

39 is a push button adapted to be pressed by the thumb of the operator to release the pawl 38 from the wheel 37 By this means the distance from the tool 1 to the reciprocating mechanism can be adjusted very accurately. This mechanism can be made very light, since only small adj ustments are required. In many operations only one reeling mechanism is required.

I claim:

1. In a mechanism of the class described, a rope adapted to drive a hand tool, a reeling mechanism attached to the said hand tool and adapted to reel the said rope in and out, a holding mechanism adapted to hold the said reeling mechanism, a push button attached to the said hand tool and adapted to release the said holding mechanism, and a driving mechanism adapted to give to the said rope a reciprocating motion, substantially as described.

2. In a mechanism for driving hand tools, a rope adapted to drive a hand tool, a driving mechanism adapted to give a reciprocating motion to the said rope, other driving mechanisms adapted to give diiferent mo tions to the said rope, means for disconnecting the said rope from one of the said driving mechanisms and connecting it to another of the said driving mechanisms, and a reel adapted to reel in the said rope, substantially as described.

3. In a mechanism for driving hand tools, a rope adapted to drive a hand tool, a number of driving mechanisms adapted to give different motions to the said rope, and a shifter mechanism for disconnecting the said rope from one of the said driving mechanisms and connecting it to another of the said driving mechanisms, said shifter mechanism being controllable from the said hand tool through the said rope, substantially as described.

4. In a mechanism for driving hand tools, a rope adapted to drive a hand tool, a number of driving mechanisms adapted to give difl'erent motions to the said rope, and a shifter mechanism for disconnecting the said rope from one of the said driving mech anisms and connecting it to another of the said driving mechanisms, said shifter mechanism being constructed so as to operate when the pull in the said rope exceeds a predetermined amount, substantially as described.

5. In a mechanism for driving hand tools, a rope adapted to drive a hand tool, a motor driven reeling mechanism adapted to reel in the said rope when the pull in the said rope falls below a predetermined small amount and to allow the said rope to reel out when the pull in the said rope exceeds a predetermined small amount, another driving mechanism adapted to give to the said rope a different motion, a shifter mechanism adapted to disconnect the said rope from the said reeling mechanism and to connect it to the said other driving mechanism, said shifter mechanism being constructed so as to operate when the pull in the said rope exceeds a predetermined amount, substantially as described.

AARON E. BERGEY.

Witnesses ROBERT D. Moore, WALLIS D. ELUNN.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latentl,

Washington, D. G. 

